Heat a pan over a medium heat.
Add the bay leaves, cloves, coriander seeds, cumin seeds, fennel seeds and star anise. Toast for 30–45 seconds, shaking the pan regularly to prevent the spices from burning.
Transfer the toasted spices to a spice grinder or pestle and mortar, then grind to a fine powder.
Add the chilli powder, ground nutmeg, cinnamon powder and ground turmeric. Pulse briefly or mix well to combine.
Store in an airtight container away from direct sunlight.